籼三系不育系楠丰67A选育和利用评价研究

[目的]选育籼三系不育系楠丰67A,并对其利用价值进行评价.[方法]介绍楠丰67A的选育经过、特征特性、稻米品质遗传特点和制繁种关键技术,探讨其应用价值及潜力.[结果]研究迟熟早籼矮败型不育系楠丰67A,典败率96.78％,柱头外露率43.98％,其中双外露率25.30％.株型好,一般配合力(GCA)效应值总体高于珍汕97A,单株穗数、穗总粒数和结实率比珍汕97A有更强的杂种优势,单株粒重、千粒重的特殊配合力(SCA)效应方差较小,软胶稠度,中低直链淀粉含量,中感稻瘟病.2009年通过浙江省农作物审定委员会组织的技术鉴定.[结论]该研究对今后三系不育系的选育和楠丰67A的利用具有指导意义.     

7个辣椒自交系的配合力分析

[目的]研究自选的7个辣椒自交系数量性状的配合力分析。[方法]以7个自选辣椒自交系为亲本,按照不完全双列杂交（4×3）配成12个组合,对各组合的5个性状进行了方差分析,在此基础上进行了配合力分析。[结果]T-1、04-39一般配合力较高,组合0702是一个强优势组合。[结论]该研究可为进一步培育辣椒新品种提供参考依据。     

对新引进IR不育系的观察与评价

从印度引进１５个ＩＲＲＩ育成的不育系和相应的保持系，在中国水稻研究所试验基地（富阳）观测其育性及主要农艺性状，并初步配组测产。结果表明，１０个不育系育性稳定，符合标准；ＩＲ５８０２５Ａ与明恢６３、Ｔ９０１０配组，其杂种产量与汕优６３相仿，但生育期较短、米质较优。     

Selection forMeloidogyne incognita virulence against resistance genes from tomato and pepper and specificity of the virulence/resistance determinants

Experiments were designed to analyze the relationships between the root-knot nematodeMeloidogyne incognita and resistant tomato and pepper genotypes. From a natural avirulent isolate, near-isogenic nematode lineages were selected with virulence either against the tomatoMi resistance gene or the pepperMe3 resistance gene. Despite the drastic selection pressure used, nematodes appeared unable to overcome the pepperMe1 gene, therefore suggesting some differences in the resistance conferred byMe1 andMe3 in this species. Nematodes virulent onMi-resistant tomatoes were not able to reproduce onMe1-resistant nor onMe3-resistant peppers, and nematodes virulent onMe3-resistant peppers were not able to reproduce onMi-resistant tomatoes nor onMe1-resistant peppers. These results clearly demonstrate the specificity ofM. incognita virulence against resistance genes from both tomato and pepper, and indirectly suggest that gene-for-gene relationships could occur between these two solanaceous crops and the nematode.     

Inhibition of telomerase in canine cancer cells following telomestatin treatment

Telomere shortening in normal somatic cells has been proposed as a major barrier to unlimited cellular proliferation. Telomerase is an enzyme capable of maintaining telomere length, and thus bypassing this barrier. In human beings, telomerase activity is restricted to cancer cells and cells of stem or germ cell lineages. Dogs represent a potentially useful clinical model for the development of telomerase‐based therapies because telomerase activity is also restricted to cancer cells and stem cells in this species. We examined the ability of telomestatin to inhibit telomerase activity in telomerase‐positive D17 and CMT7 canine cancer cell lines. At a concentration of 2 μM, telomestatin treatment resulted in a decrease in telomerase activity, telomere shortening, growth inhibition and apoptosis in telomerase‐positive cancer cells. These effects were not seen in telomerase‐negative skin fibroblasts or negative controls. These results confirm that telomestatin specifically inhibits telomerase activity in canine cancer cells and strengthens the usefulness of dogs as a model for testing telomerase‐based therapies.     

天水旱作农业区膜侧小麦不同施肥水平增产效应分析

通过不同施肥条件对膜侧小麦水分利用、农艺性状、增产效应、经济效益等方面分析,研究干旱地区膜侧小麦的施肥问题。结果表明:施肥可以提高水分利用率1.1~3.1 kg/(mm.hm2),促进小麦生长发育;不同施肥水平对小麦的增产效应不同:低肥、中肥、高肥3种施肥水平分别比不施肥的对照增产731.5 kg/hm2,1461.0kg/hm2和1 648.5 kg/hm2,增产率分别为25.5%、50.9%和57.4%;经济效益以中肥水平(折合施纯N118.1kg/hm2,P2O594.5 kg/hm2和K2O 60.0 kg/hm2)最高,产值可达2 045.4元/hm2,产投比为2.7∶1。因此,在低、中、高3个施肥水平中,中等施肥最为有效、合理,有利于增产增收。     

The Application and Research Progress of Chicken Embryo and Avian Cell Lines in Biomedicine

Chicken embryo has long been an important experimental model in basic and applied science because of its clear development process,especially in the early development of chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane stage,due to its abundant blood vessels,it is a natural immunodeficiency host and can be used as an ideal experimental model for pathology,pharmacology and oncology research.The authors briefly described the tissue structure of early stage of chicken embryo,the application of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane model in tumor,angiogenesis,organ transplantation,burn and other diseases,and the application of anti-cancer drug screening based on the pathological model of chicken embryo.The advances in the application of chicken embryo and avian cell lines in virus reproduction,vaccine production,therapeutic protein production and monoclonal antibody production were reviewed.A variety of human viruses,avian viruses and mycoplasma can proliferate in chicken embryos and avian cell lines and be used in vaccine production.In this paper,the development and characteristics of commonly used avian fibroblasts and pluripotent stem cells were described,and the source of commercial avian cell lines and some susceptible viruses were summarized.Chicken embryo expression system can produce human glycosylates at specific sites of target proteins,reduce the allergic reaction of the target protein to human,and poultry eggs are cheap and easily available,so it can be used as a suitable donor for the production of human monoclonal antibodies and therapeutic proteins.In this paper,the recent progress in the application of chicken embryos and avian cell lines in the field of biomedicine was introduced,and the future application of chicken embryos as animal models was forecasted.     

乳腺分泌物中体细胞的研究进展

不同物种的乳腺分泌物中含有的细胞成分被称为体细胞,其中包括淋巴细胞、白细胞、巨噬细胞和上皮细胞。物种、乳腺感染情况、不同生理阶段和饲养管理条件等因素均会影响乳中的体细胞数量和细胞类型。近年来,乳中体细胞得到了人们的关注和深入研究,显示出广阔的应用前景。人们利用从初乳和常乳中得到的乳腺上皮细胞已经成功进行了乳腺细胞的原代培养和建立了乳腺细胞系,为乳生成、被动免疫转移和乳腺癌的研究提供了良好平台。体细胞中提取的RNA代表了乳腺组织的基因表达,因此为研究乳腺组织的基因表达提供了方便、良好的来源。     

大白菜抗根肿病与核基因雄性不育性的遗传关系

采用菌土置入法对大白菜进行根肿病抗病接种鉴定;根据大白菜核基因雄性不育复等位基因遗传假说,对26个抗根肿病自交系育性基因进行测定。     

茄子创新资源的耐热及抗青枯病评价研究

优良的种质资源是品种选育的重要基础。本研究的目的是明确茄子创新资源的抗性水平,培育适应华南地区高温和青枯病易发特点的新品种。本研究利用茄子苗期耐热快速鉴定和浸根接种青枯菌鉴定方法,对12份茄子创新自交系开展耐热性和抗青枯病鉴定。获得处理4天的细胞膜相对电导率和热害指数。发现8份紫红长茄中有3份为耐热(13009-4-4-3、3309-5-4-1-2和5-1-1-2-1)和2份中等耐热(3-1-2和10009-3-2-1);3份白茄中有1份耐热(10009-5-3-1-1)和1份中等耐热(10015-5-3-4-1);苗期接种6周鉴定筛选获得1份高抗(3309-5-4-1-2)、2份抗病(10009-3-2-1和3410-14-1-4-2)和1份中抗(3-1-2)青枯病材料。根据耐热和抗病鉴定结果共获得1份(3309-5-4-1-2)耐热高抗青枯病自交系,1份(10009-3-2-1)中等耐热抗青枯病,1份(3-1-2)耐热和抗青枯病均表现为中等水平。